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Subject Index :-

Wind farm subsidies
A hole in the plan
A wind turbine for your home
The Energy Saving Trust

A letter in The Telegraph Monday 11th October 2010 from Robert Duffield, Saundersfoot, Pembrokeshire, which says it all.
Every time there is news about wind turbines, it is accompanied by a claim that they will provide enough electricity for x thousand homes.
The newly commissioned Thanet wind farm off Kent is said to generate enough electricity for 240,000 homes. The figures come from comparing maximum possible output (only realisable in a Force 7, 8 or 9 wind) with average household electricity consumption - enough to boil a kettle.
Supply and demand are, in practice, completely mismatched and other forms of generation will increasingly be called upon to make up the difference.
The public should have access to data on how much electricity is generated at any instant by wind turbines, compared with their rated output. Most people would be surprised how little power they are delivering in light winds.
Reaching 30 per cent of electricity from wind is mathematically impossible, since on windy days the turbines would have to supply over 100 per cent of demand, with all other sources of power reduced to zero but instantly available to take over when the wind drops.

Wind farm subsidies top £1 billion a year

Britain's energy policy faces new controversy as it can be revealed that electricity customers are paying more than £1 billion a year to subsidise windfarms and other forms of renewable energy.

By Ben Leach and Richard Gray. Published: in Sunday Telegraph 23rd Jan 2010

An Ofgem report will show that over the past three years the subsidies have added a total of £32.50 to the average household's electricity bills The hidden levy is part of a Government scheme to force energy companies to fund green energy. The companies bear the cost but pass it on to consumers in the form of higher bills. The amount raised has climbed steeply since the introduction of the levy in 2002.

Next month's annual report from Ofgem, the energy regulator, will show that it has risen above £1 billion for the first time, according to analysts at the Renewable Energy Foundation (REF), a green energy think-tank. It means that renewable energy added an an estimated £13.50 to the average household electricity bill last year. An additional burden fell on industrial users of electricity, who in turn passed on costs to their customers. Critics claimed that the subsidy scheme unfairly penalised consumers and was being used to fund "unrealistic" plans to increase the use of wind power. Countryside campaigners have expressed concerns at the number of wind farms being built around the country, as the Government tries to meet its target that 30 per cent of the UK's energy should be generated from renewable sources by 2020.

The Ofgem report will show that over the past three years the subsidies have added a total of £32.50 to the average household's electricity bills. The annual cost has steadily risen from £7 in 2007 to £13.50 in 2009. The proceeds of the levy, known as the Renewables Obligation (RO), are divided between the main renewable energy sources, with wind receiving 40 per cent, landfill gas 25 per cent, biomass 20 per cent, hydroelectric 12 per cent and sewage gas 3 per cent.

Dr John Constable, director of policy and research at the REF, said: "The fundamental problem with the RO is that the cost to the consumer is extremely high. Since the cost of the scheme is passed onto businesses as well as households, there will also be a significant impact on the economy. The Government's plans for wind are wildly unrealistic. Wind power is going to be very expensive, very difficult and ultimately very costly."

The cost to consumers of the RO scheme has risen from £278 million in 2002/3 to £1.04 billion last year, the Ofgem report is expected to say - a total of £4.4 billion over seven years. The scheme works by requiring energy suppliers to obtain a set percentage of the electricity they provide to consumers from renewable sources. In 2008/9 this figure was 9.1 per cent, compared to 7.9 per cent in 2007/8. For each megawatt hour of renewable energy bought by a supplier from a generator, suppliers must also buy a certificate as proof. If suppliers fail to meet their obligation by presenting enough certificates, they must pay a fine known as a "buy-out". The cost to energy suppliers is passed on to consumers through their bills. Ofgem predicts that the total cost of the RO to consumers between 2002 and 2027, when the scheme is set to end, will amount to £32 billion. By 2020 it is estimated that the annual cost will be running at over £5 billion.

Prof Ian Fells, emeritus professor of energy conversion at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, said money that was being invested into wind farms through the RO scheme needed to be diverted elsewhere. He said: "Consumers simply don't realise the cost to them of supporting the renewable energy industry. Not only is there a cost to consumers but there is a cost to businesses as well. So people will not only see the huge cost of the RO scheme in their household bills but also on the High Street, as they see shops put up prices to meet the rising cost of electricity. Subsidising wind farms is far too expensive, and the money could be better spent by investing in other forms of power."

A spokeswoman for the Department of Energy and Climate Change said: "To ensure we meet our climate change goals we need a massive increase in low carbon energy and that includes renewables. The RO is helping that expansion happen with the amount of electricity generated from renewables trebling since 2002. We also need to make sure we have continued secure energy supplies in the future and renewables are part of that too. There's no high-carbon low-price alternative – we must move to low-carbon sources."

There are currently 270 wind farms with 2,775 turbines in operation, with plans for a further 10,000 on and around Britain's shores. It has raised concerns in communities that hundreds of acres of rural landscapes will have wind farms built on them.

 

Report Blows Hole in Wind Power Plan
From an article by Roger Dobson and Richard Gray
Published: 12:01AM BST 29 Jun 2008

Wind power would be too unreliable to meet Britain's electricity needs, according to a new report.

It says wind patterns around the country mean turbines will fail to produce enough power at times of high demand.

Written by an independent consultancy and funded by the Renewable Energy Foundation, the report says backup electricity plants will be needed to meet demand during calm conditions.

It comes after the Government last week unveiled a £100million plan to build at least 4,000 wind turbines, with a further 3,000 offshore. The programme is expected to drive household bills up by £260 a year.

Published online in the journal Energy Policy, the study confirms concerns among critics that wind around Britain is too volatile to provide reliable energy.

Using wind data from the Met Office, researchers found that in January, when energy demand is highest, wind farms often fail to produce enough electricity, dropping on occasion to 4 per cent of their maximum output.

Backup fossil fuel plants would need to be switched on and off to make up the shortfall in supplies - a highly inefficient process that would reduce any carbon savings from wind farms.

The report says: "Wind output in Britain can be very low at the moment of maximum annual UK demand. These are times of cold weather and little wind.

"Simultaneously, the wind output in neighbouring countries can also be very low, and this suggests that intercontinental transmission grids will be hard to justify."

The authors used data on wind speeds and electricity demand from the past six years to work out what impact 25 Gigawatts - about 16 per cent of Britain's needs - would have had on the national grid if it had been supplied by wind farms.

The results show wind is highly volatile. In January 2005, for example, wind speeds varied so much that demand on conventional plants would have varied from 5.5GW to 56GW.

In that month, a 1,000MW fossil fuel plant would have had to come on and offline a total of 23 times to make up the shortfall. At 6pm on February 2 2006 - the point of peak electricity demand for the whole year - wind farms would have been unable to provide any power at all, researchers found.

Britain aims to achieve 10 per cent of its supplied electrical energy from renewable resources by 2010, and 20 per cent by 2020.

James Oswald, an engineering consultant and former head of research and development at Rolls-Royce Turbines, who led the study, said: "Wind power does not obviate the need for fossil fuel plants, which will continue to be indispensable.

"The problem is that wind power volatility requires fossil fuel plants to be switched on and off, which damages them and means that even more plants will have to be built. Carbon savings will be less than expected, because cheaper, less efficient plant will be used to support these wind power fluctuations.

"Neither these extra costs nor the increased carbon production are being taken into account in government figures for wind power."

Critics say the Government should use other forms of renewable energy, such as tidal power, to meet targets. Wildlife groups also oppose wind turbines because they are built in isolated locations and may kill birds of prey.

But a spokesman for the British Wind Energy Association said: "All the research we are aware of shows wind farms produce electricity for something like 80 to 95 per cent of the time.

"When you look at the UK system as a whole, there is electricity coming from wind 100 per cent of the time. There is no moment in time when the output of the pool falls to zero."

Well, he would say that wouldn’t he?

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I have taken this advert from a prominent retailers website. I thought you might like to know what it really means. The text in red are my additions so that the non-technical reader might have a clue about what is actually being offered. I have removed the manufactures name etc but you know who they are.
Note the use of meters per second (m/s) for wind speeds. This is because m/s figures are lower than miles per hour. This makes the required wind speeds seem slower to the casual viewer. The fact that wind speeds in this country are reported in mph not m/s matters not a jot to the eco-loonies that promote this crap. Not a lie then but casual with the truth. So what's new?

Wind Turbine System

Only £2000.00 (updated Feb 2010 from 2006 price of £1498)

Product Information
The Rubbish wind turbine delivers up to 1KW of supplementary energy synchronised and adjusted to supply directly into your household power circuits, using
Rubbishs unique technology the appliances in the house will absorb all the energy from the turbine before using grid voltage. This will contribute to the average home a saving of approximately 30% (based on average wind speeds and suitable locations) of the average electricity bill whilst reducing the household CO2 emissions.

Brand: Rubbish
Other Information
AC Input (Mains): 230 Volts (nominal) ac, @ 50Hz.
Power Input (Mains): 6 Watt (Power consumption of the Plug n Save ™ unit in "standby" mode).
Rated Power Output: 1kW @ rated wind speed.
Rated Wind Speed: 12.5m/s
(26.8 miles/hour).
Cut-in Wind Speed: 3.5 to 5 m/s @ hub height
(7.8 to 11.2 miles/hour).
Cut-out Wind Speed: 14 m/s@ hub height
(31.3 miles/hour).
Reference Extreme Wind Speed: 35 m/s @ hub height
(78.3 miles/hour).
Wind speed figures assume a steady value, as gusts to these figures will not always provide maximum output.
Operating Temperature Range, Generator: - 15C through + 40C at altitudes < 1000m above sea level.
Weight Generator System: 25kgs excluding support pole and brackets.
Weight, Plug n Save ™: 11kgs.
Dimensions - Generator Assembly: 320mm long x 150mm wide x 110mm deep support shaft -
     Swept Area, Blade Assembly: 2.4m sq.
     Swept Diameter: Blade Assembly: 1.75m
(5' 9").
Dimensions: Plug n Save ™: 535mm long x 315mm wide: 130mm deep.
Noise, Generator System: 52 dBA 5m behind turbine @ 7m/s gusting.
Noise, Generator System: 33 dBA 5m behind turbine @ 5m/s gusting.
Operating Speed Range of Blades: 100 - 900 rpm (useful power output range).
Expected Safe Life: 10 years (depending upon actual conditions the system has been subjected to).
This system is CE marked and conforms to all BS and EN legislation.

This product is not available for self install, you will be contacted on purchase of this item regarding installation.
Values are nominal only as slight variations will be present from unit to unit.
General references above relate to BS EN 61400 part 2.
Design and specification are subject to change without notice.

 

My Notes!
Even manufacturers of wind turbines estimate that the windmill will be, at best, 30% efficient, so 1kW equates to 300W average. The realistic efficiency will be more like 25%. So, with luck, it'll power a couple of light bulbs!

Remember that wind speed must be 26.8 mph before you get the full rated output. This is 6 on the Beaufort scale - 'A strong breeze' which is one down from a 'Near gale' (32 mph).

How often do you get 26 mph winds in your area? Do you actually understand what a 26 mph wind is like? You wouldn't want to be out on a push bike, or a motorbike, in that sort of wind! If you have any sense you will even leave your car in the garage.

Until the wind is approaching 12 mph there is NO output at all. Again, a 12 mph wind is no fun if you're on a push bike. You wouldn't want to be sat on a beach with a 12 mph wind. With a 12 mph wind you'll get what output? They don't say, but I reckon about 50W and it is pro-rata from there on with about an extra 65W for every 1 mph increase in wind speed all the way up to 26 mph when you might get 1kW. The blades will then be turning so fast - 900 rpm - that you will be terrified to go outside in case the whole thing tears itself off of its mountings and smashes your (and your neighbours) roof to pieces.

Interestingly they only give noise values for the generator at 7m/s (15.5 mph) at 5m behind the turbine - 52 dBA - which is pretty quiet. But why don't they give a value for rated output at the turbine/mounting pole? I expect it's because it's NOT pretty quiet! Whatever the value is, try sleeping with the noise that will be transmitted through the walls. Remember, noise sounds a lot louder when you are trying to sleep. My wife cannot sleep if there is a clock ticking in the room below! I kid you not! So what are you going to do? Stop it running at night? There goes another huge lump of efficiency.

And it will make you very unpopular with your neighbours because it will be noisy and unsightly.

So. You'll get an average of 250W output. That's 6kWh per day @ 10p/kWh. That's a saving of 60p per day or £220 per year.
You pay £2000 to buy the thing. You'll save £2200 in electricity bills over the 10 years lifespan or £200 over what you paid for it. And then it's kaput and you have to pay for taking it down and disposing of it. £200 say?
(I do not include any costs relating to maintenance/repair during its lifetime and there will be some!) So you've gained £0.

And as to saving the planet, how much has its manufacture and disposal cost in raw energy? What is the dust-to-dust carbon footprint? Much more than you think I'll wager.

But if you had used the much more carbon/energy efficient mass electricity generation offered by the national electricity providers and put that £2000 in a 3% savings plan, you would now have £2698.71 (that's £698.71 profit) and done much more to salve your conscience and 'save the planet'.

To summarise :-
You spend £2000 for £0 financial gain and lose out on £698.71 profit.
You are totally disappointed with your purchase because it just doesn't do what you believed it would.
You do absolutely nothing, zero, zilch for planet Earth. In fact you cost it plenty. But never mind, the guy that sold you the heap of crap is having a nice holiday after flying to Majorca on his commission.
You, and the salesman, use valuable resources for no point whatsoever.
You don't sleep for 10 years.
Your wife doesn't sleep for 10 years so she leaves you.
Your kids don't sleep for 10 years and they hate you, so they go off with their mother.
Your next door neighbour doesn't sleep for 10 years and will, on some dark night, be hidden in the shadows with a brick in his hand, waiting for you to pass by so that he can smash your brains in.

The Energy Saving Trust is a non-profit organisation jointly funded by the British Government and the private sector in order to help fight climate change by promoting the sustainable use of energy, energy conservation and to cut carbon dioxide emissions in the United Kingdom.

Wind Turbines - http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Generate-your-own-energy/Wind-turbines

Costs for a roof mounted microwind system start at about £1,500. Larger mast mounted systems cost between £11,000 and £19,000, including installation. These provide enough electricity for lighting and appliances in a typical home.

Savings Recent monitoring of a range of small domestic wind systems has shown that a well sited 2.5kW turbine could save around £380 a year off electricity bills when some generation is exported, and a saving of around 2.6tonnes of carbon dioxide per year.

Maintenance checks are necessary every few years, and a well-maintained turbine should last over 20 years. Battery storage life is typically between 6 and 10 years.

Payback period = 5000 (approx for 2.5kW?) / 380 = 13 years
£5000 for 13 years @ 4% = £3402.87 interest and you’ve still got your original capital sum.

Answermethis! Quite a bargain, isn't it?

 

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